Challenges of Hazardous and Harmful Materials to Release from Destroyed Iran Nuclear Reactors and to Reach Iraqi Cities

Abstract

Iraq faces significant risks if nuclear reactors in Iran were to explode, due to its geographical proximity and shared environmental systems. These risks would largely stem from the release of radioactive materials and could have severe consequences across various sectors. In the following, a brief overview on the hazardous and harmful materials those may release and reach Iraqi cities beyond bombing of three nuclear reactors in Iran, Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan, on Sunday 22nd June 2025.